SECTION A. PERSONAL DATA
SECTION B. JOINING PROCESS
SECTION C. PRESENTING PROBLEMS
SECTION D. PSYCHOSOCIAL HISTORY
D.1 TIMELINE
D.2 GENOGRAM
D.3 SOCIOGRAM
D.4 PERSONAL DYNAMICS OF THE CHILD (SELF MASTERY)
D.5 RELATIONSHIP (QUALITY OF RELATIONSHIP TO THE PEOPLE AROUND HIM/HER)
D.6 ACTION OF THE CHILD
SECTION E. THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK
SECTION F. PROGNOSIS
SECTION G. Therapeutic Plan
SECTION H. Therapeutic Interventions
SECTION I. Therapeutic Progress
SECTION J. Therapeutic Results
SECTION K. Summary/Conclusions and Recommendations
SECTION L. Implications to Education
A. Personal Data
Name: Sebastian Marc Gabas
Age: 7 y/o
Birthday: December 24, 2003
Gender: Male
Address: BLK 7 LOT 19 Phase 4 Tierra Nova Royale, Bagumbong, Caloocan City
Ordinal Position: 2nd child
Siblings: John Brix G. Uy and Zafina Gajo
Mother’s Name: Brenda Gabas
Occupation: OFW
Father’s Name: Wally Gajo
Occupation: Driver
Hobbies: Drawing, playing PSP, playing Computer games, playing Basket ball and riding Bicycle
B. Joining Process
As I and Ian (uncle of the client) were having conversation, I accidentally shared my problem to him on our case study and then he told me that his nephew could be my client then I decided to take the opportunity.
C. Presenting Problems
According to the other family member of the family, Bhasty was a naughty, Hyperactive, and talkative child. He often show temper tantrums. The child also was choosy on the foods that he eats. His uncle said that he has a mannerism of sucking his thumbs. They said that Bhasty was an attention seeker child; he is always trying his best to catch their attention towards him. Bhasty was also fund of making queries on anything that he doesn’t know.
D. Psychosocial History
D.1 Timeline
D.2 Genogram
D.3 Sociogram
Family Sociogram
Well-liked most family member: grandmother and the client child
Disliked most: aunt and the 2 uncle
On the sociogram that is being presented, the well-liked most family member is the grandmother and the child or the client. And as we can see on the sociogram, the aunt and the 2 uncle of the child is not that well-liked most. Ian (uncle of the child) has also a little problem when it comes to their relationship with his sister. Almost all of the family members are closed to the grandmother that’s why they chose to like her most. The child also is being well-liked most by the family members although there is a problem sometimes in dealing with him.
Sociogram In school
On the school or classroom sociogram in figure D.3.2, it is presented there that Bhasty (client) has a good relationship with his classmates although sometimes he was very hyperactive in their classroom. He like most Justine and Ken to play with.
Peer or playmates sociogram
In figure D.3.3, the relationship of Bhasty and his playmates are also good. He likes to play most with Bobby, Eldrin, Sam, and Ishi. He and his playmates used to play riding bicycle, toy car, basketball, and Lego. Sometimes, Bhasty, Bobby, and heaven are fighting with each other while playing because of their toys.
D.4 Personal dynamics of the child
Self-mastery
According to the child, he is good in drawing and in playing basketball. He said that he can solve mathematical problems. According to him also, he is good in EKAWP and English subjects. He stated that “I know I’m a cute boy” and he laughs after saying that. He said that he knows how to write his name and that he is a boy, he knows his age, his siblings, his mother, father, uncles, aunts, grandmother, and his grandfather. He knows also that he is a bright child according to him. He knows that he has step sister and step brother.
For his weaknesses, he told me that his having some difficulties in writing, reading, and in playing badminton. He said that he doesn’t know how he existed in this world and that’s the question that he wanted to got some answer.
D.5 Relationship (Quality of relationship with the people around him)
The quality of relationship of the child with the people around him is good. Based on the sociogram that is being presented in D.3.1, the child is having good relationship with each member of their family. But in his relationship with his mother and father, in the genogram in section D.2, it is seen there that there is a problem. The reason why is that the child was far away from his parents. His mother is in abroad while his father is not living with him and has new family that’s why the child has only good relationship with the people that are living with him. Although his father visits him at least once a month, still the relationship is not that good and also to his mother which is used to have a vacation here once a year because of her work abroad. The child was very much close with his grandmother because since his mother left, the grandmother took the responsibility in taking care of him. In figure D.3.2, it is seen there that the child has also good relationship with his classmates. In figure D.3.3, the relationship of the child with his playmates is also good according him.
D.6 Action of the Child
According to the family member of the child, they observed that the child has the ability in drawing. The child likes to draw anything that he can. According to him (the client), he is good in playing basketball. He said that he can solve mathematical problems and that he is also good in academic subjects such as EKAWP and English. The child also likes to play PSP and he can play the games well. His hands and fingers were so quick in pressing the keys on the PSP while playing. He was very serious in playing or doing something.
When the child was doing something, or for example in drawing, he wants to do it alone and he really focuses on that. When someone was bothering him while his doing something, he got angry. And when his playing computer games, he was showing exaggeration like screaming and shouting.
E. Theoretical Framework
In figure E.1, it is presented there the clients behavioral and literacy problem. The possible causes also of the child’s mistaken behavior are stated above. The behavioral learning theory of Thorndike might be related to this case where the linked behavior is a response to stimulus in the environment. Thorndike’s stimulus –response (S-R) theory is somehow related to this case because of the causes and the effect of certain stimulus of the child. This behavioral learning theory also catches the literacy problem of my client child where in Thorndike’s law of readiness and exercises by Thorndike, he believed that readiness is an important condition of learning because satisfaction of frustration depends on an individual’s state of readiness or for Example, child forced to read before he is ready may acquire skills but may not necessarily develop the desire to read. Another theory that is related also here is the social Constructivist theory of Vygotsky where in his theory of “Zone of Proximal Development” (ZPD) emphasizes children’s potential for intellectual growth rather than their intellectual Abilities at particular point in time, he defined. He defined zone of proximal development (ZPD) as the distance between a child’s actual developmental level, as determined by independent problem solving, and the higher level of potential development, as determined by problem solving, under adult guidance or in collaboration in with more capable peers. Vygotsky views that children increase their independent engagement interaction with literate adults. According to Teale (1986), he pointed out that children need to work independently on the functions and forms of writing that they have experienced through interactions with literate others so that they can develop more their writing skills.
F. Prognosis
In the first place, I don’t see the problem of the child very serious and that maybe it is normal for the young ones like him. But as I have move on and analyze the problem and its possible causes, based on the information that I have gathered, it can be a possible or serious problem. My client child has a problem on behavior and a little bit on the literacy. The behavioral problem of my client, as I have reviewed the information I gathered, the separation of his parents and their distance are maybe the major causes of his mistaken behavior. His mother is in abroad and very often that they have the chances to communicate or to have a bonding moment. His father also is not living with him and has new family so that they also have often communication.
The child also has some difficulties in reading and writing. The cause of the problem is the lack of guidance by the adults around him. The uncle of the child sometimes aids him to do his assignments but in terms of guiding him to read and write, they don’t have time for that because of their busy schedule. In that cause, the child is having a problem on reading and writing with himself only.
G. Therapeutic Plan
At the end of the case study, he must be able to:
G.1 (Knowledge Building)
Familiarize the basic sight words
Know the proper way of reading and writing
Know that sucking of thumbs is not good
G.2 (Skills Building)
Show proper way of reading and writing by showing proper handling of the pencil and proper reading position
Communication skills
G.3 (Attitude Building)
Avoid seeking much attention
Must lessen his temper tantrums and practice low temper
Learn on how to control himself
J. Therapeutic Results
The client child has a little bit problems on his behavior and also on reading and writing. Although he’s only 7 years old and that he can still develop more on writing and reading skills in a long run, still I tried to help him now to start improving his reading and writing skills and his behavior.
On the problems of the child that I have gathered from each family members, I based my objectives from those problems and as well as on the interventions that I will be going to ask him to do. Those activities are connected or relevant to the child’s problem and on my objectives. I make my objectives comprehensive so that it will help him to develop more on his reading and writing skills and also on his behavior.
On the activities or intervention that I have given to the child, he did progress in his reading and writing skills and in his attitude or behavior. On my observation, the client child was trying his best to do well the activities and that causes a better progress. Although he did some errors or mistakes on the activity sometimes, I see that he can develop more and more as he continue practice reading and writing words or sentences. Little by little, he can do it much better.
In his behavior, I observe him that he cannot control sometimes his behavior when he was being too surprised or glad especially when his playing gadgets.
For all the interventions or activities that I have given to him, I can say that it has a good effect although the child fines it hard to control his feeling or emotions sometimes. But, if he will continue practicing those activities, he will develop more and more.
K. Summary/Conclusions and Recommendations
Conclusions
As a conclusion with this study, the child’s maladaptive behavior or problems is affected with different factors which contributed to child’s behavior to respond like that. Those factors really affect the individual’s action, perspective, attitude, and emotions. Early experiences also affect people on how they view life today. As I have reviewed all the problems of my client, I found all the possible factors or causes of his problem. His problem was caused of his biological environment and it has a great impact to the child. His parents were separated and they are not living with him that maybe a cause for the child’s behavioral problem so he seeks for attention on the people that surrounds him which he cannot get from his parents because of their distance. The activities we have done had a good result for him and also for me because I experienced on how to assess the child which is having a problem and I’ am glad for helping him.
The child was having some difficulty in reading and writing because the other family member did not often teach or guide the child to improve his reading and writing skills. Guiding the child or teaching him will really help to improve his skills like what we have done on the activities or interventions. Doing activities which will help him to improve more are necessary.
Dealing with the child who has a problem is not easy thing and helping him to resolve his own problem is not also easy to do. You cannot perfectly change the child in an instance. It should be follow-up another activities continuously in order for the child to progress and if the child didn’t progress on our activities, we can change it until it fits to the child and help him to improve better.
Recommendations
I recommend to the parents that we must keep in touch with our children although we are far away from them. We should not neglect our children and take them for granted because we never know if what the effect of that from them. We have to build good relationship with them and good communication relationship. Parents should know their child’s necessity and they should let them speak out if they have something to tell. Parents should have time for their children to have bonding moments. They should not let others do their responsibilities for their children. They have to guide their children when it comes to their education because they might need their support in order for them to progress more. Parents or guardians should give proper attention with their children.
For the future educators who will also encounter this kind of problems, they should know more about on the child’s profile and all necessary information that you will be needed. You have to know first the child’s personal data and all significant people and events to him. We should not judge the child for what or who he is. We have to identify all the possible factors or causes of his problems in order for us to analyze the problem and help him to resolve that by using any approaches or interventions that will help him to progress. If your interventions or activities fail to meet your objectives, you can change it or try new possible activities that will help the child. Understanding is very much important on a case study and a broad mind. Patience and courage are also needed when you’re doing a case study.
L. Implications to Education
We all know nowadays that as the time goes by children are becoming more and more difficult to deal with. In education, the teacher must possess open mindedness, patience, understanding, kindness, and love for his/her students. We all know that in the reality of life, there comes a variety of problems which our students are facing and either we as a teacher. We must know how to handle the situation and we must help our students to overcome their problems and help them to progress which may lead to their success. As a teacher, we have to know different interventions, approaches, response, or actions that we are going to do when there is a problem especially if our students directly share their problems on us. We should know how to deal with them so that we can become an instrument for their improvement or progress.
In our field, we will be encountering different kinds of attitudes and behaviors of different students. In that case, we as teachers must know how to handle our students in order for us to have a good relationship with them and also between each student’s. We have to remember also that there are some student’s who doesn’t shares their problems even though you ask them. In dealing with children whose having some difficulties or problem, we must consider their feelings or emotions and we have to avoid judging our student’s or either labels them. As a good teacher, in order for us to help our students who has a problem, we have to talk with them, with sympathy or empathy so that they will feel that they are accepted and being valued. We must build and establish good relationship with our students. We have to respect their cultural backgrounds and their individual differences.
We are not only teachers but also a friend, brother, sister and a parent to our student’s and we serve also as guidance for them. We should not only impart knowledge but we should also give them experience about learning by touching their lives, touching their heads, hands, and hearts. We teachers play a vital role to our students because we act sometimes as a therapist, adviser or a councilor when we needed to, so it is important also for us you know some approaches, methods and strategies that we are going to use for assessing our student’s.
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